Object's details: Wielka Zapora Odrodzenia Etiopii – zarys problemu

Description

• PLMET:
  
  
  http://confluence.man.poznan.pl/community/display/FBCMETGUIDE  ;
  
  http://confluence.man.poznan.pl/community/display/FBCMETGUIDE
• Title:
  
  
  Wielka Zapora Odrodzenia Etiopii – zarys problemu
• Alternative title:
  
  
  Greblâ Velikogo Efìopsʹkogo Renesansu – naris problemi
   ;
  
  
  Grand Renaissance Ethiopian Dam – Outline of the problem
• Creator:
  
  
  Mielnik, Barbara
  
• Subject and Keywords:
  
  
  Nìl
   ;
  pravovì normi
   ;
  ìstorìâ
   ;
  Golubij Nìl
   ;
  Êgipet
   ;
  Sudan
   ;
  Efìopìâ
   ;
  upravlìnnâ Nìlom
   ;
  budìvnictvo dambi v Efìopìï
   ;
  pitannâ suverennì prava na rìčki
   ;
  pravo na vodu
   ;
  mìžnarodne poserednictvo
   ;
  
  
  Nile
   ;
  legal regulations
   ;
  Blue Nile
   ;
  Egypt
   ;
  Sudan
   ;
  Ethiopia
   ;
  construction of the dam in Ethiopia
   ;
  sovereign right to the river
   ;
  right to water
   ;
  international mediation
   ;
  
  
  Nil
   ;
  regulacje prawne
   ;
  historia
   ;
  Nil Błękitny
   ;
  Egipt
   ;
  Sudan
   ;
  Etiopia
   ;
  zarządzanie Nilem
   ;
  budowa zapory w Etiopii
   ;
  prawa suwerenne do rzeki
   ;
  prawo do wody
   ;
  mediacje międzynarodowe
• Abstract:
  
  
  Nìl – odna z najdovših rìk u svìtì. Vesʹ basejn rìki vìdìgraê nadzvičajno važlivu ekonomìčnu rolʹ v 11-ti kraïnah âk džerelo pitnoï vodi ta energìï dlâ gìdroelektrostancìj. Rìka ne ê čiêûsʹ vlasnìstû, ì deržavi ïï basejnu, zgìdno z mìžnarodnim pravom, maûtʹ kompetencìû vikoristovuvati ïï vodi. Ostannìm časom osoblive zanepokoênnâ na mìžnarodnomu rìvnì viklikav konflìkt mìž trʹoma kraïnami: Efìopìêû, Êgiptom ta Sudanom. Pričinoû rozbratu stali roboti na Golubomu Nìlì, vitoki âkogo znahodâtʹsâ v Efìopìï. Perš nìž Nìl vpadaê v more, vìn protìkaê čerez Efìopìû ta pustelʹnì rajoni Sudanu ta Êgiptu. Golubij Nìl, âkij zlivaêtʹsâ z Bìlim Nìlom u Sudanì, daê blizʹko 75% vìd zagalʹnoï kìlʹkostì vodi, ŝo teče v Nìlì vìd Hartuma do girla. Ce dozvolâê zrošuvati sìlʹsʹkogospodarsʹkì polâ v Sudanì ta Êgiptì ta zbuduvati gìdroelektrostancìû. Kraïnoû, âka najmenše vikoristovuê svoï resursi, ê Efìopìâ, hoča same z ïï teritorìï vodi, bagatì minerałami živlâtʹ nižnû tečìû basejnu rìčki. U HÌH – na počatku HH st. Velikobritanìâ z peremìnnim uspìhom namagalasâ zabezpečiti Êgiptu pravo na vodi Nìlu. Efìopìâ, hoča ì ne zmogla provoditi gìdrologìčnì roboti na svoïj teritorìï, dositʹ efektivno vistupila proti budʹ-âkih normativnih aktìv, âkì pozbavlâli b ïï prava koristuvatisâ vodami Nìlu. Polìtičnì, ekonomìčnì ta socìalʹnì zmìni za ostannì roki zmusili deržavi basejnu Nìlu rozpočati robotu, sprâmovanu na stvorennâ êdinoï pravovoï sistemi dlâ vsìêï rìčki. Êgipet ì Sudan, spiraûčisʹ na ìstoričnij titul ta ugodu 1959 roku, kategorično proti budʹ-âkih dìj, âkì možutʹ obmežiti ïh dostup do vodi. Efìopìâ, pobačivši možlivìstʹ rozvitku, virìšila skoristatisâ Golubim Nìlom ì rozpočati budìvnictvo najbìlʹšoï dambi v Africì, vìdomoï âk Greblâ Velikogo Efìopsʹkogo Renesansu (GVER). Ce prizvelo do polìtičnogo konfliktu mìž trʹoma kraïnami, v âkomu navodâtʹsâ argumenti, pov`âzanì z pravom koristuvannâ rìčkoû, ŝo protìkaê čerez teritorìû kraïni, ìstoričnim titulom, činnìstû ugod, ukladenih u kolonìalʹnij perìod, ì škodoû tretìm kraïnam. Efìopìâ otrimala pogrozi vìjsʹkovogo vtručannâ. Usì cì problemi ê rezulʹtatom polìtiki êvropejsʹkih kraïn v regìonì, golovnim činom Velikobritanìï, protâgom kolonìalʹnogo perìodu ta vìdsutnostì kompromìsu mìž deržavami basejnu, âkij čìtko viznačav bi pravila vikoristannâ Nìlu deržavami, roztašovanimi v jogo dolinì. Ûridična superečka mìž Efìopìêû, Êgiptom ta Sudanom na razì vedetʹsâ mirno, ì do ïï virìšennâ zalučeno velikì deržavi ì mìžnarodnì organìzacìï.
   ;
  
  
  In the Nile basin, there has been a conflict between Ethiopia, Egypt and Sudan over the construction of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) by Ethiopia. Egypt and Sudan, relying on the alleged historical title to the waters of the entire Nile, are demanding that this project be abandoned, eventually threatening to take military action. For Ethiopia, the construction of this installation is an opportunity for development, as it will contribute to the country’s energy independence and improve the possibility of irrigating farmland. Since 2011, when the announced commencement of the implementation of the plans has been announced, talks between states, supported by third states (even great powers) and international organizations, have been ongoing. So far, no agreement has been reached, although the 2015 Declaration has offered some chance for a peaceful solution. Unfortunately, countries have moved away from it, preferring the less friendly ways of resolving this dispute. In fact, there may be several solutions to the present situation. The first of the most dangerous is an armed conflict; the second is finding an agreement that guarantees the rights of all riparian states; the third is to maintain the status quo, in which no one trusts anyone, states take action on their own, which in turn may lead to the degradation of the Nile. It is also worth noting that none of the conflict states takes into account the environmental effects of the work carried out, or the possible climate changes, leading to extreme phenomena such as periods of very high rainfall and subsequent long periods of drought. The interests and needs of all river basin states are equally important and they all have the right to use the river safely on equal terms, without infringing the rights of their neighbours. Ethiopia has the right to use the waters of the Blue Nile, but under international law, this should not lead to permanent damage to Egypt and Sudan. The question to which we do not know the answer is whether it is possible at all, having in mind the expectations of the lower basin states.
• Place of publishing:
  
  
  L'viv
• Publisher:
  
  
  Lʹvìvsʹkij nacìonalʹnij unìversitet ìmenì Ìvana Franka
• Contributor:
  
  
  Burdìn, Volodimir
   ;
  Marszał, Maciej
  :
  Redaktor,
• Institution:
  
  
  Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii. Koło Naukowe Prawa Finansowego
   ;
  Lʹvìvsʹkij nacìonalʹnij unìversitet ìm. Ìvana Franka. Ûridičnij fakulʹtet
• Date issued:
  
  2021
• Resource Type:
  
  
  text
   ;
  
  
  tekst
• Detailed Type:
  
  
  article
   ;
  
  
  artykuł
• Identifier:
  
  oai:repozytorium.uni.wroc.pl:140557
• Source:
  
  PAd P 102216 II
• Language:
  
  pol
• Abstract Language :
  
  eng
   ;
  ukr
• Is version of:
  
  https://wuwr.pl/wlzp/article/view/13715
• Related Identifier:
  
  ISSN 2082-4939
• Related Identifier Type:
  
  ISSN
• Volume:
  
  2021
• Issue:
  
  12
• First Page:
  
  227
• LastPage:
  
  249
• Access rights:
  
  
  The use of this material is allowed only with accordance of applicable rules of fair use or other exceptions provided by law, and any broader use requires the permission of the authorized entity
   ;
  
  
  Korzystanie z tego materiału jest możliwe zgodnie z właściwymi przepisami o dozwolonym użytku lub innych wyjątkach przewidzianych w przepisach prawa, a korzystanie w szerszym zakresie wymaga uzyskania zgody uprawnionego
• License:
  
  
  Making materials available on the basis of the agreement with the owner of the property copyrights
   ;
  
  
  Udostępnianie na podstawie umowy z właścicielem majątkowych praw autorskich
• Rights holder:
  
  Copyright by Vidavnictvo L'vìvs'kogo nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu ìm. Ìvana Franka
   ;
  Copyright by CNS
• Autor opisu:
  
  WR U/PAdks

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Additional information

• Creation date: 2024-01-05
• Last modification date: 2025-05-28
• Content object's number of views: 110
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